Introduction To Baby Dumping Children And Young People Essay
Baby dumping is the act of those irresponsible human who dump their babies who are younger than 12 months in the public toilet,garbage bin or even the jungle.It has become a serious social problem in our country because the number of baby dumping cases in our country keep increasing year by year.Majority of the people who involved in baby dumping cases are teenagers.This happens when teenagers have unprotected sex before marriage without any planning,unreported rape cases,sex before marriage and also prostitution.After they they have unprotected sex,they feel very pressure when they think that the baby might become a burden to them where they are not ready to take care of the baby.They are unable to make a correct decision.Immature mind of the teenagers will make them to think that the best solution is to throw the baby away because they might get rejection from their parents. Some of the boys might deny their actions because they are worried that people will look down on them.There are too many factors that can lead to baby dumping cases.Literally,baby dumping shows a bad image to the society and it will affect our country’s growth where people other countries will look down on our country.Investors will never dare to invest in a country with a lot of social problems like this.It can also affect the reputation of our country.Teenagers can easily make mistake without the proper guidance from the correct person.The government,parents and schools should work together to prevent teenagers to dump their babies.
2.0 Presentation and analysis of findings
2.1 How baby dumping affect the country’s growth
2.1.1 The negative views from other countries
This issue can cause a bad image of society and country. People from other countries will never think of migrating to our country which has so many social issues. Our country will get negative views from the society and foreign countries. The action shows how cruel is our country’s citizen.
2.1.2 The number of investors who invest in our country decreases.
Baby dumping cases actually affect the economic growth and our country’s economy might be stagnated when less investor invest in our country when we have a bad image. This will also affect the foreign investment in our country. People in the country will also be affected when there is problem with the economic growth of the country. The unemployment rate increases hence the crime rate will also increase accordingly.
2.1.3 The Government is spending more money
The Government need to accommodate the baby’s expenses and this will be a burden to the government in term of money where they will also need to spend money to solve these cases. They will also need to find out the parents of those abandoned babies. When the government is spending more money on this issue, some other people who needs financial help might not get the full financial aid.
2.1.4 The increase of the number of crime rate.
The number of crime rate increases due to the increase of baby dumping cases which is also a criminal where that is actually an action of the people who tries to kill or killed their babies. Those who found guilty to the case of baby dumping can be jailed for 7 years.
2.1.5 Affection to the society normal growth
The action of dumping a baby will be mimicked by people all in the country when they had unwanted pregnancy and they don’t have any idea what to do to the baby after giving birth .The society will become unhealthy due to this issue which keep increasing year by year.
2.1.6 Influencing the nation of the country
The number of population in the country will become smaller and smaller. The country will face difficulties in developing and moving forward for improvements due to the lack of workers in various industries and our country will have to hire foreign workers which will threaten the people in our country.
2.2 Steps to prevent baby dumping cases
2.2.1 Parents should pay more attention on their children
Parents have to monitor their children’s activities and behavior. They should guide them with some sex education and also teach them to differentiate between correct and wrong things to do in any situations. Besides that, they should spend more time communicating with their children to give a better understanding of what their children are actually doing.
2.2.2 Restrict the number of pornography websites in our country
Pornography is one of the ways which lead to baby dumping. Teenagers could access to pornography in just a few clicks on the internet. The parties who are involved should ban some of the pornographic websites, so that teenagers will not be able to access to pornography.
2.2.3 Moral behavior by the parents
Parents play an important role to educate their children about sexual behavior, the way to stay out of sexual relationships and how dangerous is unprotected sex. All these must be explained to the children and they will be able to do things rationally. Parents should teach them the way to prevent pregnancy and what will happen when the children have free sex.
2.2.4. Sex education in school
The school should provide proper sex education to the students so that they will know how important is his or her body and relationships. The students have to know more about sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV and AIDS and how it affects human’s body. The school counselor should always be ready to guide the students and lead them to the correct way.
2.2.5 Teenagers should learn self control techniques
Teenagers nowadays normally will not able to think rationally because they are not mature enough to make decision. They should learn all the techniques of self-control to prevent them from having unprotected sex or sex before marriage that will cause unwanted pregnancy. They have to control themselves because they have the right to say ‘NO’ if someone offered sex. They should attend youth camps and campaigns so they will able think rationally.
2.2.6 The government should organize campaigns and talks
The government should organize more campaigns and talks and encourage more students to join to educate them with the knowledge of sex education and the effect of baby dumping to themselves, the community and the country to create awareness among the teenagers about baby dumping and free sex.
2.2.7 Create awareness through mass media
Mass media is also a very important way to prevent baby dumping. This is the best way to educate and communicate with the teenagers. The mass media department can organize some programs for teenager on television or radio about the importance of protecting themselves from getting involved in sex by providing them useful information and knowledge. Moreover, they can invite psychologist and sex therapists for some special programs on sex education to have more personal discussion and allow the public to call on-air for a ‘call session’ if they have any hesitation about sex.
2.2.8 New rule should be formed
The government should form a new rule to restrict the teenagers below 18 years old to check-in hotel or motel without parents or guardian so that the free sex can be reduced among the teenagers so that they will not able to check in to a hotel to do something that will destroy their future. This can also prevent cases like violation to happen.
2.3 Conclusion
In conclusion, the awareness of unprotected sex and sex education showed the significant link with our country’s baby dumping issues. Teenagers should have a good understanding on unprotected sex so they can prevent sex before marriage and unwanted pregnancy. Parents, government and schools should work together to educate the children about the sex education so they will not easily get involved in the unprotected sex at the young age. Teenagers should know how to protect themselves. Actions should be taken by all the parties to prevent teenagers from making a wrong decision. If no one is working on it this will literally leads to a bad reputation of our country. Government should organize more programs that not only open to teenagers but open to the public. After running all the steps of prevention, hopefully the reduction of baby dumping cases goes effectively.
6. Recommendation
In order to cope with this baby dumping cases, government should come out with several policies and
programs. First of all, the government may incorporate sex education in school curriculum as part of a
holistic approach to tackle baby dumping cases. This approach is needed in order to provide awareness and
better understanding of reproductive system and health at school level. Besides that, the government also can
restructure or add the syllabus in certain subject such as “Pendidikan Islam” or “Pendidikan Moral” in order
to create awareness and highlighted the consequences of social problems like free sex and baby dumping.
The government also should promote Islam as a way of life especially to the Muslim youth as we can see
nowadays; most of the people who involved in baby dumping were Muslims. Islamic scholars and Ulama’
must take this responsibility to explain to the community about Islam. However, it is important for the
religious persons to use suitable method according to target group in performing this task. The government
also can bring the Ulama’ or others religious person from other religion to give talk to the teenagers based
on their belief especially when there is a program for teenagers as well as when there is a national campaign
to curb with this kind of social problem.
Drastic step by the government in categorizing baby dumping as a criminal amounting to murder if it
meets with all the legal specifications is also can be introduced. The government can give another chance to
the guilty parents if their baby is found alive but if the baby is found dead, the guilty parents need to be
penalized under this criminal act.
3.0 Introduction to Information Technology
Information Technology (IT) can be defined as the technology that is used to store,acquire,organize,communication and data processing.Generally,IT (Information Technology) has brought a huge improvements to the human in their daily lives.IT makes life easier where IT helps human by doing things for them faster,precise and efficient.IT contributes a lot to education, health industry, money, careers,leisure and government departments.Everyday there are new inventions and innovations such as computers,laptops,digital cameras,music players,.IT helps in the economic growth and developments of all the countries in the world.Examples of information technology include smartphones,televisions,printers,radios,music players and other electronic gadgets.Information Technology contributes a lot in education.It helps student to do things effectively and reduce the random errors that can be caused by the students.It helps college students in doing research,projects and also their assignments.Information Technology also helps human in exchanging informations with each other.Information Technology has become one of the most important things in the world.Hunans nearly can’t live without the help of InformationTechnology.
How IT(Information Technology) influence me as a college student
Communicate with lecturers through social networking
I can easily start a conversation with my lecturer in just a few clicks.Group chats and discussions where we can share our thoughts with all the lecturers and giving ideas in the progress of learning new topics.It also helps me to get closer with all the lecturers,when I have any problem or question I can easily get to them and discuss with them.This helps me to improve in the progress of my course.We can even make video conference to discuss about our assignments so the lecturers can give us a better understanding of some topics.
Information technology as an additional knowledge
Information technology became an additional knowledge to us where we can actually make use of them after we graduate from the college in the future. There are too many things in information technology for us to learn and all those are lifelong knowledge that can be used in the world of career and create more employment opportunities.
Gained ability to follow instructions
Through computer, I gained the ability to follow instructions and problem solving skills.I will learn how to instruct others and also to accept opinions by others and this will help me when I work in a large organization later.This is a very goodway for me to learn and behave myself.
Access to online libraries
Ebrary(electronic library) is an online digital library which contains ebooks.It offers variety of books from different language which I can easily get access to it and eventually I can read books anytime and anywhere without going all the way to the library.It saves time and also will help us to get information quicker.It can also save papers where I don’t need to buy or photocopy books when I need to read a book,I can easily access to the ebrary in just a few clicks.
Multimedia learning resources
The multimedia learning resources which can explain the phenomena and arouse my interest to learn and do thing rationally.I will be able to learn more from Information Technology that will help me in my studies and I will have more interest in process of learning in the college.
Easily collect and gather information
I can easily collect and gather information that I need for my assignments in the whole progress of my studies.I will have more sources to on finding of materials through internet.On the other hand,I can view news and read articles online so that I can perform better personal development and self improvement.
Store and protect information
With the IT inventions,now we will be able to store our documents or files into the online webstorage,where we can actually store and backup the information in the system so we will never lost it and in case if any file is missing we still have a hard copy in the system and this system is very secure which can prevent hackers from gaining access to my private information.
Gained the ability to work productively and securely
I’ll have a better experience in time management.I can learn how to work productively and securely when the lecturers give us some work such as the typing some words and where we will need to finish it in a period of time.I can learn more about the way to manage my stuff by doing them perfectly in a given time.
Develop Presentation skills.
With the use of Microsoft powerpoint,now I learn the ways to present correctly.Next,I can also easily present the information for my assignment to give a better understanding of my assignment.This develops effective presentation skills to be used in the future.Presentation is very important in all types of industries in my country.This can also build more confidence in myself so i will be able to present perfectly in the future.
Always get up to date information in a short time and get the latest updates.
When i do my project,I can easily get the latest update of all the informations I need.I can search everything i want on the internet in order to finish my tasks and or projects.For example,i can read the latest news online,ebooks,journals and magazines.The access to all these books is very simple and it saves my time on doing my project and this will also train myself to be more responsible in doing things whether for the community or the country.
Improve my technical skills and learn teamwork skills.
Through Information Technology I can improve my technical skills in computers and electronic devices and I will understand how to run software on the computer that can make my work easier. Besides that, from Information Technology I learn the teamwork skills where I can use it in the future so that I can easily get used to the trend of working with a team of people in an organization .I will become more motivated in doing things.
Invention of laptops
The invention of laptops make my life easier.I can keep all my private documents in the laptop because im the only owner for the laptop so this is more to privacy.Furthermore,the laptop will increase the vulnerability of my data,Laptop is more convenient because it is portable and I can bring it everywhere and do my assignment any time when I feel like doing it.
Conclusion
IT should therefore be a must for every person especially to students,Information Technology contributes a lot to education especially in a college,the students use information technology to do their work so that they will be more efficient.Moreover,it will only help college students to complete their tasks more effective and faster besides of improving productivity.Information Technology continues to develop day by day.The new Information Technology Applications that can help in the progress of studying of the college students.Now,they can actually learn more and save time in doing tasks.Students eventually can get information easily from the internet.Students can learn a lot with Information Technology.A student will become more responsible when they come to the world of career after they graduate.This will create more employment chances to them with the knowledge of computer by the information technology.
Year 04 – 78 67 83 76 102 79 91 total 576
Future Leaders’ Perception on Baby Dumping Issues In Malaysia
Nazni Noordin
1+
, Zaherawati Zakaria
2
, Mohd Zool Hilmie Mohamed Sawal
3
, Zaliha Hj Hussin
4
and Kamarudin Ngah
5
1,2,4
Faculty of Administrative Science & Policy Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, P. O Box 187, 08400
Merbok, Kedah. Malaysia
3
Faculty of Information Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, P. O Box 187, 08400 Merbok, Kedah
Malaysia
5
Centre for Policy Research and International Studies (CenPRIS), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau
Pinang
Abstract. The increasing cases of outrageous acts of dumping new-born babies and foetuses in Malaysia
recently alarming the Malaysian to take serious attention in handling this matter. This research was about
teenagers’ perception on baby dumping issue. Out of 7,535 populations at four selected schools at the area of
Bakar Arang State Assembly under Sungai Petani Parliamentary, Kedah, 400 students were selected as
respondents. In this study, simple random sampling was used. This research used Descriptive Statistic and
Pearson Correlation for data analysis purposes. Data were collected from July until October 2010. Three
hypotheses were tested and accepted. The result indicates that there were positive relationship between
awareness towards consequences of free sex, knowledge on sex education and religious belief towards baby
dumping cases. The significant of this study was awareness creation on consequences of having free sex
among youngsters as well as parents and school administration and also inclusive of religious
bodies/agencies in taking seriously on the impact of this issue towards our social development in global era.
Conclusion/Recommendations: The recommendations were made to the parties concerned in this issue in
order to find the best solution in curbing this problem.
Keywords: Baby dumping, Teen, Awareness, Sex Education, Religious Belief.
1. Introduction
Lately, Malaysia is facing a serious issue regarding on baby dumping which getting more chronic and
cause a lot of attention. This social problem appears every day in newspaper and mass media. From the
period of January until July 2010, public were shocked, appalled, dismayed by the increasing reported cases
of abandoned babies, some of whom were found dead. This incident indirectly indicated that something is
wrong in our society [1][2][3][4][5].
What is actually the issue of baby dumping? It is not only just dumping new-born babies but also refers
to discarding or leaving alone, for an extended period of time, a child younger than 12 months of age in a
public or private setting with the intent to dispose of the child. The worse situation of this issue also can be
seen when a girl gives birth in a school bathroom at night then throws the baby into the garbage or in the
toilet bowl, also when a baby flung in the chicken coop, a baby swaddled in newspapers left squalling by a
fly-infested dustbin, a baby abandoned under the harsh sun beating down on a wet rice field, a baby stuffed
into a cabinet drawer, a baby left on the doorsteps of people’s home with notes or in a mosque. It is so
embarrassing, sad and worst scenario that happened in our society.
+
Corresponding author. Tel.: +604- 4562519; fax: +604- 4562234
E-mail address: [email protected] 137
2012 International Conference on Economics Marketing and Management
IPEDR Vol.28 (2012) © (2012) IACSIT Press, Singapore Statistics from the Malaysia Welfare Department for this year, from January to April 2010, reported that
111 unmarried young girls were pregnant. The figure, however, is just the tip of the iceberg as many cases go
unreported and pregnancies terminated. It also reported in New Straits Times on 23rd July 2010, the body of
a baby girl found in a bag at a bus stop near the Sultan Ismail Hospital, Johor Bahru in the morning. Also
there a baby found buried. New Straits Times on 18th July 2010, reported that a fetus was found buried by
the roadside in Jalan 12, Bandar Puteri Puchong, Selangor.
Baby dumping is not the solution to a life problem and it could be charged under Section 317 of the
Penal Code which carries a maximum jail term of seven years or fine or both according to the Malaysian law.
For the past few years there are many newborn babies have been found, dead or live in the most unlikely
places like rubbish dump. For instance, The Malay Mail on 26 July 2011 [5] reported that a fetus with the
umbilical cord intact was found in a garbage can at Pulau Mutiara wholesale market in Jalan Makloom,
Penang. This shows clearly that “baby dumping” is really serious problem that currently happened in our
society.
2. Problem Statement
Table 1.Statistic of baby dumping cases from the Headquarters of Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM): By – State from
2005 until 7 April 2010
Cases of Baby Dumping Reported in Each State from 2005 until 7
th
April 2010
States Number of cases
Selangor 105
Johor 83
Sabah 65
Sarawak 34
Negeri Sembilan 24
Pulau Pinang 22
Perak 19
Pahang 17
Kedah 17
Kelantan 10
Terengganu 5
Melaka 3
Kuala Lumpur 2
Perlis 1
Total 407
Based on Table 1, the statistic from the Headquarters of Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM) [6] indicated
that there were 407 cases of baby dumping, for the past five years starting from 2005 until 7th April 2010.
On average, there are 68 cases every year and these cases keep increasing. While in Figure 1.2.1, it shows
that, there are 472 babies found dumped nationwide since 2005 until 16th August 2010.
In year 2010 alone, it already recorded 65 cases up to 16 August 2010. That is means average 8 cases per
month solely in year 2010 and this figure is not included the cases that not reported. According to Federal
Criminal Investigation Department (CID) Director Commissioner Datuk Seri Bakri Zinin, this year alone
(2010), as at 16 August 2010, 65 dumped babies had been. As compared to 42 cases during the same period
last year (2009), there is an increase in these cases [7].
Recently, the Cabinet also informed that there were 21 recorded cases of students who got pregnant out
of wedlock between 2006 and 2010. Then, what about the unreported and unrecorded cases? Public belief
that the figure more than what we can imagine. After all the shocking incidents proven by the data produced
by PDRM and Welfare Department, we found a strong base to do this study.
3. Methods & Material
A simple random sampling technique was conducted among 400 students (out of total 7535 students)
from Form One until Form Six (Upper Six) in secondary schools at the area of Bakar Arang State Assembly
under Sungai Petani Parliamentary, Kedah. The schools involved were Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan 138Ibrahim, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Sungai Pasir, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Khir Johari and
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Bandar Sungai Petani in Sungai Petani, Kedah.The data was analyzed using
Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) in getting descriptive statistic and correlation.
4. Results & Discussion
4.1. Profile of Respondents
Out of 400 respondents, there were 183 (45.75%) male respondents and 217 (54.25%) female
respondents. This finding showed the dominant of female respondents in this study. Regarding the age group,
the respondents were in the age of 13 years old (18 students or 4.50%), followed by 14 years old (51 students
or 12.75%), 15 years old (44 students or 11.00%), 16 years old (97 students or 24.25%), 17 years old (94
students or 23.50%) and lastly 18 years old and above which is 96 students or 24.00%. The highest
respondents in this study was 16 years old, followed by 18 years old, 17 years old, 14 years old, 15 years old
and the lowest respondents were 13 years old. The race of respondents in this study consist of three major
races in Malaysia which is Malay, Chinese, and Indian and the balance was other races. From the finding, it
can be concluded that the highest race in this study was Malay, which consist of 242 students (60.5%),
followed by Chinese, 75 students (18.75%), Indian 67students (16.75%) and the lowest was other races
which consist 16 students (4.00%).
4.2. Result of Findings
H1: There is a significant relationship between awareness towards consequences of free sex and baby
dumping issue from the secondary school students’ perspective.
Table 2. Awareness on consequences of free sex towards a perspective of baby dumping issue
Awareness towards consequences of free sex
Baby Dumping Pearson Correlation 0.396**
Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000
N 400
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
There was a significant relationship between awareness towards consequences of free sex and a
perspective of baby dumping issue from the secondary school students’ perspective whereas P =0.000 and r
= 0.396. Significant level is P < 0.05 (P = 0.000). So, the researcher accepts the H1.
This means, the awareness towards consequences of free sex has an influence towards perspective of the
baby dumping issue. This finding was also supported by APWLD Annual Report 2010 [9].
H2: There is a significant relationship between knowledge on sex education and baby dumping issue
from the secondary school students’ perspective.
Table 3: Knowledge on sex education towards a perspective of baby dumping issue.
Knowledge on sex education
Baby Dumping Pearson Correlation 0.445**
Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000
N 400
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
There was a significant relationship between knowledge on sex education and perspective of the baby
dumping issue from the secondary school students’ perspective whereas P = 0.000 and r = 0.445.
Significant level is P < 0.05 (P = 0.000). So, the researcher accepts H2.
This means, the respondents agreed that knowledge on sex education is important in order to prevent or
reduce the number of baby dumping that happen in Malaysia. Besides that, most of the respondent agreed
139that by learning sex education, teenagers will be more matured and responsible to themselves and having
knowledge on sex education is important to prevent free sex among teenagers.
H3: There is a significant relationship between religious belief and baby dumping issue from the
secondary school students’ perspective.
Table 4.Religious belief and a perspective of the baby dumping issue.
Religious Belief
Baby Dumping Pearson Correlation 0.386**
Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000
N 400
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
There was a significant relationship between religious belief and a perspective of baby dumping issue
from the secondary school students’ perspective whereas P = 0.000 and r = 0.386. Significant level is P <
0.05 (P = 0.000). So, the researcher accepts H3.
Religious belief also plays an important role in order to prevent baby dumping that increase from time to
time. Other than that, most of respondents also agreed that religious belief need to apply in their daily life
activity. This finding was also supported by the Azmi (2010) [1] and Coleman & Testa (2007)[8].
5. Conclusion
As a conclusion, awareness towards consequences of free sex, knowledge on sex education and religious belief showed the significant relationships with the baby dumping issues in our country. Most of the
respondents agreed that these three variables have a significant impact on baby dumping cases. It is
important for the teenagers to understand the consequences of free sex so that they can prevent the unwanted
pregnancy at the young age. Besides that, the knowledge on sex education is important to ensure the
teenagers have a better understanding about their body so that they will not easily involve in free sex which
can lead to the baby dumping. On top of that, the important of religious belief and practices also play a vital
function. Every religion has lay down and taught about the dos and don’ts, about the sin and reward, and all
religion prohibited the act of free sex. In order to prevent it, the government, schools, parents and teenagers
should take necessary actions to stop this baby dumping issue from becoming worst.
6. Recommendation
In order to cope with this baby dumping cases, government should come out with several policies and
programmes. First of all, the government may incorporate sex education in school curriculum as part of a
holistic approach to tackle baby dumping cases. This approach is needed in order to provide awareness and
better understanding of reproductive system and health at school level. Besides
